Efectos del cuidado espiritual en la ansiedad situacional de pacientes quirúrgicos / Effects of Spiritual Care on Situational Anxiety of Surgical Patients

Introducción: Las personas con tratamiento quirúrgico presentan ansiedad, lo cual impide llegar al periodo operatorio en óptimas condiciones. El cuidado espiritual puede resultar efectivo en momentos como este. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del cuidado espiritual en el nivel de ansiedad situacional en pacientes quirúrgicos. Métodos: Investigación cuantitativa, preexperimental con pretest postest, en el Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Perú, durante marzo a mayo de 2016. Población constituida por 123 pacientes quirúrgicos, entre los que se seleccionaron 30 entre 24 y 57 años, con ansiedad y dispuestos a participar en la investigación. La ansiedad se midió con el Test de Zung, las necesidades espirituales con un cuestionario validado por expertos y pilotaje con alfa de Cronbach > 0,75. Para los ejes temáticos y metodológicos de la intervención (cuidados espirituales) se revisó bibliografía sobre el tema, tuvieron en cuenta las necesidades de cuidados y niveles de ansiedad identificada. Se procesó la información con frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes, media, desviación típica, valor mínimo y máximo. Para contrastar hipótesis se utilizó la Prueba no paramétrica de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon. Para la relación entre necesidad de cuidado espiritual y evolución del nivel de ansiedad se utilizó Chi-cuadrada de Pearson (X2), con probabilidad de error del 5 por ciento. Resultados: El nivel de ansiedad situacional previo a la aplicación del cuidado espiritual fue de marcada a severa en 86,66 por ciento, aplicado el cuidado espiritual estuvo ausente en el 96,66 por ciento. Conclusión: La intervención con cuidados espirituales aplicada resultó efectiva en la disminución del nivel de ansiedad situacional en pacientes quirúrgicos estudiados(AU)

Introduction: People who should undergo surgical treatment present anxiety, which keeps them from reaching the operative period in optimal conditions. Spiritual care can be effective at times like this. Objective: To assess the effect of spiritual care on the level of situational anxiety in surgical patients. Methods: Quantitative pre-experimental research with pre- and post-test carried out in the Regional Hospital of Ayacucho, Peru, during March to May 2016. The population was made up of 123 surgical patients, of which 30 aged 24-57, with anxiety and willing to participate in the study were chosen. Anxiety was measured with the Zung test; spiritual needs, with a questionnaire validated by experts; and piloting, with Cronbach's alpha > 0.75. For the thematic and methodological axes of the intervention (spiritual care), a bibliography on the subject was reviewed, taking into account the care needs and levels of anxiety identified. The information was processed with absolute frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test hypotheses. Pearson's chi-square (X2) was used for the relationship between need for spiritual care and evolution of anxiety level, with a probability of error of 5 percent. Results: The level of situational anxiety prior to the application of spiritual care was remarkable to severe in 86.66%; applied spiritual care was absent in 96.66 percent.. Conclusion: The intervention with spiritual care applied was effective in reducing the level of situational anxiety in the surgical patients studied.(AU)

A comparison of surgical procedures and postoperative cares for minimally invasive laparoscopic gastrectomy and open gastrectomy in gastric cancer.

Minimally invasive, laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) has assumed an ever-expanding role in gastric cancer treatment. Accumulating data so far seem to suggest that LG is at least a viable alternative of conventional open gastrectomy (OG) in different contexts. However, even though reviews and meta-analyses have compared the advantages and limitations of each option, it is still controversial whether LG is a better alternative to OG, especially in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The major goal of this study is to evaluate the readouts of LG, in comparison with OG. A literature search was performed for studies published from 2009 to 2013. Medical records of 20868 gastric cancer patients from 32 independent studies were reviewed and analyzed. All 32 studies concluded that LG is at least comparable with OG. LG is superior to OG in offering less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, and lower risk of complications, although LG is probably inferior in operative time, and not different from OG in mortality. Considering the merits and the potential future technical improvement, it is reasonable to speculate that LG may eventually replace OG in most clinical contexts.

Transplante de pâncreas: uma contribuição do enfermeiro para alta hospitalar / Pancreatic transplant: nursing contribuitions to hospital discharge / Trasplante de páncreas: contribución del enfermero al alta hospitalaria

Neste estudo, discorre-se sobre a experiência do enfermeiro com os pacientes no pós-operatório de transplante de pâncreas em um hospital de grande porte de Belo Horizonte. As autoras apresentam a construção de um protocolo assistencial para essa clientela, bem como relatam as ações do enfermeiro nas áreas administrativa, assistencial, de ensino e de pesquisa, privativas do enfermeiro.

The present study describes the nursing experiences during the postoperative period of patients who underwent pancreatic transplant in a large hospital of Belo Horizonte. The authors present the elaboration of care protocols for such patients and report the nursing actions in management, care, teaching and research.

El presente estudio enfoca la experiencia del enfermero en el posoperatorio de pacientes con trasplante de páncreas internados en un gran hospital de Belo Horizonte. Las autoras presentan la construcción de un protocolo asistencial para estos pacientes y también relatan las acciones del enfermero en las áreas administrativa, asistencial y de investigación, particulares del enfermero.

Investigando as orientações oferecidas ao paciente em pós-operatório de revascularização miocárdica / Investigating the orientations offered to the patient in postoperative of myocardial revascularization / Averiguando las orientaciones ofrecidas a los pacientes en pos - operatorio de revascularización del miocardio

Conhecendo os sentimentos de medo e ansiedade que envolvem o paciente e sua família no momento da alta hospitalar, relacionado à insegurança de não saber como realizarão certos cuidados pós-operatórios, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as orientações oferecidas aos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica na alta hospitalar. É um estudo do tipo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, realizado em um hospital geral localizado em um município da região oeste do estado do Paraná, no ano de 2005. Foram entrevistados 23 pacientes cirúrgicos revascularizados, que retornaram em primeira consulta de acompanhamento. Os resultados evidenciaram que 17 (74%) deles gostariam de receber informações esclarecedoras sobre como se cuidar em casa, porém, apenas 13 (57%) deles receberam algum tipo de orientação na alta. Dentre os participantes da pesquisa, 12 (52,2%) receberam as orientações do médico, 10 (43,5%) referiram que não se lembravam das orientações recebidas e 17 (74%) acreditavam que as orientações por escrito facilitariam a sua lembrança no domicílio. Os resultados ressaltam a importância da comunicação em todos os períodos operatórios, bem como a necessidade de o enfermeiro atuar nos processos de cuidados e nas orientações ao paciente.

Considering the feeling of fear an anxiety that the patient and its family have related to the insecurity of not knowing how to deal with pots operative care, this study had the aim of investigating the orientations offered to the patients submitted to a myocardial revascularization surgery when they leave the hospital. It is a study of the quantitative, descriptive and transversal type, accomplished at a hospital located in a municipal district in the west of Paraná State, in the 2005. Twenty-three patients, who had a myocardial revascularization surgery, were interviewed when they returned for their first follow-up consultation. The results evidenced that 17 (74%) of them would like to receive explanatory information on how to take care of themselves at home, however, only 13 (57%) of them received some orientation when they left hospital. Among the research participants, 12 (52,2%) received the doctor's orientations, 10 (43,5%) said that they didn't remember the received orientations and 17 (74%) said that written orientations would facilitate to remember them at home. The results emphasize the importance of the communication in all of the operative periods as well as the need of the nurse's action in the care processes and in the orientations to the patient.

Conociendo los sentimientos de miedo y de ansiedad que envuelven al paciente y a su familia en el momento de dar de alta hospitalar, relacionado a la inseguridad de no saber como realizaran ciertos cuidados pos-operatorios, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las orientaciones ofrecidas a los pacientes sometidos a la cirugía de revascularización miocardia en el dar de alta hospitalar. Es un estudio de clase cuantitativa, exploratoria, transversal realizado en un hospital general localizado en un municipio de la región oeste del estado del Paraná, en 2005. Fueron entrevistados 23 pacientes cirugicos revascularizados, que volvieron a su primer consulta de acompañamiento. Los resultados evidenciaron que a 17 (74%) de ellos les gustaría recibir informaciones aclaradas de como cuidarse en casa, pero, solamente 13 (57%) de ellos recibieron algún tipo de orientación en el dar de alta. Dentre los participantes de la encuesta, 12 (52,2 %) recibieron las orientaciones del médico,10 (43,5%) refirieron que no se acordaban de las orientaciones recibidas y 17 (74%) creian que las orientaciones escritas a mano serian mejores para recordarlos cuando en sus domicilios. Los resultados señalan la importancia de la comunicación en todos los periodos operatorios así como la necesidad del enfermero actuar en los procedimientos de cuidados y en las orientaciones junto al paciente.